MuscleTables
MuscleTables
Table6-4
MUSCLE
PROXIMAL
ATTACHMENT
(ORIGIN)
DISTAL
ATTACHMENT
(INSERTION)
INNERVATION
MAIN ACTIONS
BLOOD SUPPLY
MUSCLE
GROUP
Rhomboid major
Spinous processes
of T2–T5
vertebrae
Medial border of
scapula below
base of spine of
scapula
Dorsal scapular
nerve
Fixes scapula to thoracic
wall and retracts and
rotates it to depress
glenoid cavity
Dorsal scapular OR
deep branch of
transverse
cervical artery,
dorsal
perforating
branches of the
upper five or six
posterior
intercostal
arteries artery
Superficial back
Rhomboid minor
Ligamentum nuchae,
spines of C7
and T1
vertebrae
Medial border of
scapula at spine
of scapula
Dorsal scapular
nerve
Fixes scapula to thoracic
wall and retracts and
rotates it to depress
glenoid cavity
Dorsal scapular
artery OR deep
branch of
transverse
cervical artery,
dorsal
perforating
branches of the
upper five or six
posterior
intercostal
arteries
Superficial back
Serratus anterior
Lateral surfaces of
upper 8–9 ribs
Costal surface of
medial border of
scapula
Long thoracic nerve
Protracts and rotates
scapula and holds it
against thoracic wall
Lateral thoracic
artery
Shoulder
Subclavius
Upper border of 1st
rib and its
cartilage
Inferior surface of
middle third of
clavicle
Nerve to subclavius
Anchors and depresses
clavicle
Clavicular branch
of thoraco-
acromial artery
Shoulder
Subscapularis
Subscapular fossa
Lesser tubercle of
humerus
Upper and lower
subscapular
nerves
Medially rotates arm at
shoulder and
adducts it, helps hold
humeral head in
glenoid cavity
Subscapular artery,
lateral thoracic
artery
Shoulder
Supinator
Lateral epicondyle
of humerus,
supinator crest
of ulna
Lateral, posterior,
and anterior
surfaces of
proximal third of
radius
Radial nerve (deep
branch)
Supinates forearm
Radial recurrent
artery, posterior
interosseous
arteries
Posterior
forearm
Supraspinatus
Supraspinous fossa
of scapula and
deep fascia
Superior facet of
greater tubercle
of humerus
Suprascapular nerve
Initiates arm abduction,
acts with rotator cuff
muscles
Suprascapular artery
Shoulder
Teres major
Posterior surface of
inferior angle of
scapula
Medial lip of
intertubercular
sulcus of
humerus
Lower subscapular
nerve
Adducts and medially
rotates arm
Circum±ex scapular
artery
Shoulder
Teres minor
Upper 2/3 of
posterior surface
of lateral border
of scapula
Inferior facet of
greater tubercle
of humerus
Axillary nerve
Laterally rotates arm
Circum±ex scapular
artery
Shoulder
Trapezius
Superior nuchal line,
external
occipital
protuberance,
nuchal ligament,
spinous
processes of
C7–T12
Lateral third of
clavicle,
acromion, and
spine of scapula
Accessory nerve
(cranial nerve XI)
Elevates, retracts, and
rotates scapula;
lower fibers depress
scapula
Transverse cervical
artery, dorsal
perforating
branches of
posterior
intercostal
arteries
Superficial back
Triceps brachii
Long head:
infraglenoid
tubercle of
scapula
Lateral head:
upper
half of posterior
humerus
Medial head:
distal
2/3 of medial
and posterior
humerus
Posterior surface of
olecranon
process of ulna
Radial nerve
Extends forearm at
elbow; long head
stabilizes head of
abducted humerus
and extends and
adducts arm at
shoulder
Branch of profunda
brachii artery
Arm
